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SYNTROPY |
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The equation E = mc2, commonly
associated with the work of Albert Einstein, was first published in 1890 by
Oliver Heaviside [1]
and then refined by Henri Poincaré [2] in 1900 and Olinto
De Pretto in 1903
[3], and it then
become famous with Einstein’s special relativity [4] where it was
integrated with the momentum in the energy/momentum/mass equation [5]: E2
= p2c2 + m2c4 where the total energy (E) is the result of the sum of the momentum (p)
and mass (m), multiplied by
the speed of light (c) Being a second order equation, it is necessary to
operate a square root which produces always two solutions, one positive and
one negative. This simple property of square roots implies that the solution
of energy is always dual: positive (+E) and negative (-E). According to Einstein’s special relativity: -
the
positive energy solution (+E) describes energy which
diverges from causes located in the past and which propagates towards the
future (retarded potentials); -
the
negative energy solution (-E) describes energy which
diverges from causes located in the future and which propagates backwards in
time from the future towards the past (anticipated potentials). Usually physicists tend to reject as “unphysical”
any solution which contradicts classical causality, according to which causes
always precede effects. Any solution which makes it possible to send a signal
backwards in time is usually rejected. For this reason the negative energy
solution was immediately considered impossible, a mathematical trick, because
it implied the existence of causes located in the future which retroacted on
the past. This absurd situation was automatically solved in inertial systems
in which the momentum (p) is equal to zero. When the
momentum equals to zero c2p2=0 the
equation simplifies in the famous E = mc2 which has
only positive solutions (+E). However when the Schrödinger wave equation (ψ)
[6] is
turned into a relativistically invariant equation the Klein-Gordon equation [7] is
obtained:
Both solutions of this equation need to be
considered as a possibility and even a non physical negative energy has to be
considered as a possibility. According to Klein-Gordon’s equation: -
the
positive solution (+Eψ)
describes waves which diverge from causes located in the past and which
propagate towards the future (retarded waves); -
the
negative solution (-Eψ)
describes waves which diverge from causes located in the future and which
propagate backwards in time from the future towards the past (advanced waves). Although this equation can be considered the
fundamental equation of the universe, the advanced waves solution was
rejected, since it contradicts the law of causality. In 1941, studying the mathematical properties of the
two solutions of the Klein-Gordon’s equation, the mathematician Luigi
Fantappiè [8]
discovered that retarded waves solutions, which describe waves and energy
which diverge from causes placed in the past, are governed by the law of
entropy (en=diverge, tropos=tendency), whereas advanced waves solutions, which describe
waves and energy which diverge backwards in time, are governed by a law
symmetrical to entropy which Fantappiè named syntropy (syn=converge,
tropos=tendency). For us, moving forward in time, advanced waves
correspond to converging waves which concentrate energy, produce
differentiation, complexity and structures. Fantappiè recognized these
properties in living systems and arrived at the conclusion that life feeds on
advanced waves. Consequently, systems which support vital functions, such as
the autonomic nervous system, should react in advance to future events. In
the last decade an impressive number of studies have shown the existence of
pre- stimuli reactions in skin conductance and heart rate [9].
These studies suggest that the advanced waves solution of KGE is real and
needs to be taken into consideration. The
scientific revolution that was started by Newton and Galileo divided culture
into two parts: on the one side science, capable of studying the entropic
aspects of reality, and on the other side religion, dedicated to the
syntropic aspects of reality, such as the soul and the final causes. The
introduction of syntropy into the scientific model implies a profound change
in the cultural balance between science and religion, which Fantappiè
describes as follow: “Let us conclude by looking at what we can say about
life. What makes life different is the presence of syntropic qualities:
finalities, goals, and attractors. Now as we consider causality the essence
of the entropic world, it is natural to consider finality the essence of the
syntropic world. It is therefore possible to say that the essence of life is
the final causes, the attractors. Living means tending to attractors. But how
are these attractors experienced in human life? When a man is attracted by
money we say he loves money. The attraction towards a goal is felt as love.
We now see that the fundamental law of life is this: the law of love. I am
not trying to be sentimental; I am just describing results which have been
logically deducted from premises which are sure. It is incredible and
touching that, having arrived at this point, mathematical theorems start
speaking to our heart! [...] we see
written in the book of nature - which Galileo said was in mathematical
characters - the same laws of love that we find written in the holy books of
the major religions. [...] the law of life is not the law of hate, the law of
force, or the law of mechanical causes; this is the law of non-life, the law
of death, the law of entropy; the law which dominates life is the law of
finalities, the law of cooperation towards goals which are always higher, and
this is true also for the lowest forms of life. In humans this law takes the
form of love, since for humans living means loving, and it is important to
note that these scientific results can have great consequences at all levels,
particular on the social level, which is now so confused. [...] The law of
life is therefore the law of love and differentiation. It does not move
towards levelling and conforming, but towards higher forms of differentiation.
Each living being, whether modest or famous, has its mission, its finalities,
which, in the general economy of the universe, are important, great and
beautiful.” |
